數學方程式也會嚇跑科學家
(註 : "公式" 該是 "方程式" 之誤、"科學家"採樣是生物學家)著名科學家霍金有句名言:多寫一個公式就會嚇跑一半讀者。對於普通公眾而言數學公式恐怕的確有此「效果」,而英國一項研究顯示科學家也同樣會被數學公式「嚇跑」。
英國布里斯托爾大學研究人員在新一期美國《國家科學院學報》上報告說,他們首次以量化的方式研究了科研論文中數學公式的數量對讀者的影響。研究人員調查了生物學家們對同行論文的引用情況,結果發現,文章正文中平均每頁每多一個數學公式,論文被引用的次數就會下降28%。
受過專門訓練的科學家也會被數學公式「嚇跑」,這對上學時曾為數學頭痛的人們也許是個自我安慰,但對科學界來說卻是非常嚴肅的問題。
進行研究的蒂姆·福西特博士說,科學的發展需要理論和實驗的互動,而理論經常要用數學公式來闡釋,如果這種闡釋方式讓其他科學家望而卻步,不願再通過實驗來進一步驗證,這會阻礙科學的進步。
研究人員因此呼籲,一方面學校在培養科學相關專業的學生時需要加強數學訓練,另一方面科學家們撰寫論文時也應更注意表達方式,在數學公式周圍加上更多的解釋性語言,這樣才更有利於交流科學思想。
新華網倫敦6月26日電(記者黃堃)
原文..
Heavy use of equations impedes communication among biologists
Most research in biology is empirical, yet empirical studies rely fundamentally on theoretical work for generating testable predictions and interpreting observations. Despite this interdependence, many empirical studies build largely on other empirical studies with little direct reference to relevant theory, suggesting a failure of communication that may hinder scientific progress. To investigate the extent of this problem, we analyzed how the use of mathematical equations affects the scientific impact of studies in ecology and evolution. The density of equations in an article has a significant negative impact on citation rates, with papers receiving 28% fewer citations overall for each additional equation per page in the main text. Long, equation-dense papers tend to be more frequently cited by other theoretical papers, but this increase is outweighed by a sharp drop in citations from nontheoretical papers (35% fewer citations for each additional equation per page in the main text). In contrast, equations presented in an accompanying appendix do not lessen a paper’s impact. Our analysis suggests possible strategies for enhancing the presentation of mathematical models to facilitate progress in disciplines that rely on the tight integration of theoretical and empirical work.
~ Tim W. Fawcett1 and Andrew D. Higginson ~
方程式是很美的數學語言,但對於渲染語言與使用修辭的人類而言,未免過於直接。
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