科學家稱英國當局恐怕將會用神經毒氣對付示威者

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Government 'may sanction nerve-agent use on rioters', scientists fear

STEVE CONNOR, TUESDAY 07 FEBRUARY 2012 - Leading neuroscientists believe that the UK Government may be about to sanction the development of nerve agents for British police that would be banned in warfare under an international treaty on chemical weapons.

A high-level group of experts has asked the Government to clarify its position on whether it intends to develop "incapacitating chemical agents" for a range of domestic uses that go beyond the limited use of chemical irritants such as CS gas for riot control.

The experts were commissioned by the Royal Society, the UK's national academy of sciences, to investigate new developments in neuroscience that could be of use to the military. They concluded that the Government may be preparing to exploit a loophole in the Chemical Weapons Convention allowing the use of incapacitating chemical agents for domestic law enforcement.

The 1993 convention bans the development, stockpiling and use of nerve agents and other toxic chemicals by the military but there is an exemption for certain chemical agents that could be used for "peaceful" domestic purposes such as policing and riot control.

The British Government has traditionally taken the view that only a relatively mild class of irritant chemical agents that affect the eyes and respiratory tissues, such as CS gas, are exempt from the treaty, and then only strictly for use in riot control.

But the Royal Society working group says the Government shifted its position to allow the development of more severe chemical agents, such as the type of potentially dangerous nerve gases used by Russian security forces to end hostage sieges. "The development of incapacitating chemical agents, ostensibly for law-enforcement purposes, raises a number of concerns in the context of humanitarian and human-rights law, as well as the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC)," the report says.

"The UK Government should publish a statement on the reasons for its apparent recent shift in position on the interpretation of the CWC's law enforcement position." The Royal Society group points to a 1992 statement by Douglas Hogg, the then Foreign Office Minister, who indicated that riot-control agents were the only toxic chemicals that the UK considered to be permitted for law-enforcement purposes. But in 2009 ministers gave a less-restrictive definition suggesting the use of "incapacitating" chemical agents would be permitted for law-enforcement purposes as long as they were in the categories and quantities consistent with that permitted purpose.

Professor Rod Flower, a biochemical pharmacologist at Queen Mary University of London, said the latest scientific insights into human brain is leading to novel ways of degrading human performance using chemicals.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/government-may-sanction-nerveagent-use-on-rioters-scientists-fear-6612084.html


英政府用人做毒氣實驗 ５１年前士兵器官今猶在

       伊戰結束後，美英聯軍在尋找伊拉克政權研制大規模殺傷性武器的證據過程中，一種被稱為“沙林”的神經毒氣越來越多地出現在人們的視野中，這種毒氣能把人的神經系統徹底摧毀，直至使人窒息而亡。然而，據英國《每日電訊報》７月１８日報道，英國政府曾在１９５３年用沙林毒氣毒殺了士兵麥迪遜，而且他的屍體還被從事試驗的科學家秘密肢解用於實驗，有些部分可能仍保留在冷凍室中。
       １９５３年正值東西方冷戰的高潮時期，當時年僅２０歲的英國皇家空軍工兵麥迪遜和成百上千名其它軍兵種的英國士兵一樣，參加了國防部科學家進行的名為“尋找感冒特效藥”實驗。
       麥迪遜抱著像度假一樣的心情來到威爾特郡的“波頓當實驗室”，然而等待他的卻是一條不歸路。試驗當天麥迪遜意外身亡，當時國防部在秘密調查後得出的結論是：心臟病突發。
       ５１年後，知情人站出來揭開了恐怖的真相：科研人員用針管將２００毫克的液態沙林毒氣透過兩層厚的軍裝註射進了他的皮膚！而且就在他死後幾天，科研人員又在未征得其家人同意的情況下，把他的屍體無情地肢解為將近２００塊，包括大腦、脊髓、心臟、皮膚等。今年５月份，英國政府迫於輿論巨大壓力，再次就麥迪遜之死展開徹底調查，而越來越多的證據顯示，所謂的“意外”只是掩蓋真相的彌天大謊！
       當時受雇於國防部的實驗室助理羅伯特·霍格親眼看到了裝在紙盒子中的麥迪遜被肢解的身體器官，它們被科學家用來研究沙林毒氣對人體組織的影響。他相信，這些試驗樣本可能仍儲藏在威斯敏斯特的皇家陸軍醫學院的冷凍室裏。
       據警方發言人稱，如果經調查發現上述情況屬實，警方有可能以襲擊罪和合謀殺人罪對英國國防部和波頓當實驗室提起公訴。

死亡實驗由來久

       麥迪遜並不是英國歷史上唯一接受活體毒氣試驗的受害者。據英國媒體公布的從英國公共檔案局獲得的材料透露，早在二戰時期，英國軍方就開始進行生化武器的研制工作了，以對付德國納粹的細菌戰。
       為此，英國從１９４５年４月開始用人體做試驗。冷戰初期，這一試驗規模進一步擴大。從１９５０年到１９５３年，被用來進行試驗的人數從１５９人逐步增加到３８４人，到１９５３年已經達到５３１人。
       在試驗最初的１５年裏，英國共在２６４４人身上進行了神經毒氣試驗，以對付原蘇聯可能擁有的生化武器。自２０世紀６０年代起，英國的人體神經毒氣實驗趨於減少，但從１９６６年到１９８９年，仍有５４５人被用來做試驗。
       據統計，在英國軍方科學家歷時４０年的極為秘密的化學戰爭試驗中，至少有３１００多人接觸過毒性巨大的神經毒氣。波頓當實驗室多年來拿活人進行毒氣試驗的總數，是美國軍方近期承認用於神經毒氣試驗的美軍人數的３倍。其中，僅在過去的２０年裏，波頓當實驗室就進行了兩萬次類似的試驗，而迄今已有逾３００人稱因接受試驗而出現了各種身體疾病，例如皮膚病、眼疾、呼吸困難和心情抑郁等。
       此外，材料還證實了一個讓人們難以置信可又不得不接受的事實：波頓當的科研人員完全知道註射到麥迪遜等人身上的毒氣劑量可能會致人死亡。實際上，他們在包括麥迪遜在內的３９６人身上所做的試驗只有一個目的，那就是弄清到底多大劑量的神經毒氣“能夠將人致殘或致死”。

http://www.globalview.cn/ReadNews.asp?NewsID=2524

Sooooo terrible{:terrible:}

孤寂如雲

rioters不等於示威者

Definition of riot
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rioter